Jakarta (ANTARA) – Bank Indonesia (BI) stated that Indonesia’s external debt rose to US$431.7 billion in the fourth quarter of 2025 from US$427.6 billion in the previous quarter, with the debt-to-GDP ratio standing at 29.9 percent.BI Executive Director of Communication Ramdan Denny Prakoso said the country’s external debt structure remains sound, supported by prudent management and risk controls to safeguard macroeconomic stability.The central bank noted that 85.7 percent of total external debt is long-term, helping contain refinancing risks despite persistent volatility in global financial markets.Bank Indonesia and the government are strengthening coordination to monitor debt developments and maintain a healthy structure, Prakoso said in a statement released Thursday.“External debt will continue to be optimized to support development financing and sustainable economic growth, while minimizing risks that could affect stability,” he said. Government external debt reached US$214.3 billion in the fourth quarter, up from US$210.1 billion in the third quarter, reflecting continued fiscal financing needs.The increase was driven by foreign capital inflows into international sovereign bonds, as investor confidence in Indonesia’s economic outlook remained resilient amid heightened global uncertainty. As a key instrument for financing the state budget, government external debt is managed carefully and transparently to fund priority programs and preserve fiscal sustainability, the central bank said.Government borrowing was allocated mainly to health and social services, accounting for 22.1 percent of total government external debt, followed by public administration, defense, and mandatory social security at 19.8 percent.Education absorbed 16.2 percent, construction 11.7 percent, and transportation and warehousing 8.6 percent, underscoring infrastructure and human capital priorities.Almost all government external debt is long-term, representing 99.99 percent of the total, which reduces short-term repayment pressures. Private sector external debt stood at US$192.8 billion in the fourth quarter, down from US$194.5 billion in the prior quarter. The decline reflected lower borrowing by nonfinancial corporations, the central bank said. By sector, private external debt was concentrated in manufacturing, financial and insurance services, electricity and gas, and mining, which together accounted for 79.9 percent of total private external debt.Long-term liabilities dominated private external debt as well, comprising 76.3 percent of the total, reinforcing overall resilience in Indonesia’s external financing profile.